Ддллралралдп Presentation of practical lessons on environmental sanitation for 4th year 8 - semester.

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1 ддллралралдп Presentation of practical lessons on environmental sanitation for 4th year 8 - semester

2 ддллралралдп Hygienic evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment facilities for technical and hygienic parameters. The technique of sanitary inspection facilities for cleaning, additional cleaning and decontamination of waste water and sludge

3 ддллралралдп 1 The value of wastewater treatment at the sanitary protection of water bodies 2 Systems and methods of wastewater 3 The goal of treatment of urban waste water 4 Mechanical cleaning and facilities prinemenyaemy plan:

4 ддллралралдп The student should know: Principles of operation of the possibility of protection of surface water from sewage pollution adverse effects of risk factors on health and the environment. Features of the organization and conduct of sanitary and epidemiological measures to reduce Give an opinion on the basis of descent SanPin 0056-96 wastewater into the pond. Organization and carrying out sanitary and epidemiological measures for protection of surface water Rules of sampling, transport and storage of samples taken, the accompanying drawing blanks.

5 ддллралралдп 1 sanitary topographical 2 sanitary engineering 3 sanitary epidemiological Health survey of treatment facilities for wastewater treatment

6 ддллралралдп The student should be able to Carry TSN for the protection of open water. Perform visual, laboratory and instrumental, computational methods for determining the conditions of water discharge into water bodies. nterpretation of the results of laboratory and instrumental investigations Conduct sanitary inspection of supervision and make appropriate accounting and reporting documentation controlled objects. Carry TSN at the station for waste water treatment and assessment of the effectiveness of treatment. Drafting graphic chart showing sampling points of water open water.

7 ддллралралдп 1 Chemicals: inorganic substances (salts of the acids, heavy metals), organic contaminants (pesticides, hydrocarbons) 2 Physical temperature, color, suspended solids, etc. 3 Biological include microorganisms, bacteria, viruses, protozoa, etc. Water quality characterized by the following parameters A) Natural Ii) Anthropogenic: Water quality characterized by the following parameters A) Natural Ii) Anthropogenic:

8 ддллралралдп 1 facility name, address, departmental affiliation 2 Type, a series of project development year and authors. 3 Location of the site in terms of station village. The presence and the width of the SPZ. The size of the site, its layout and landscaping (landscaping, road network, zamoshenie, artificial lighting) 4 Nature of wastewater will be treated at the station (industrial, municipal, household). The total amount of wastewater to be treated (the design and actual). Sanitary inspection scheme station for waste water treatment Sanitary inspection scheme station for waste water treatment

9 ддллралралдп 5 The qualitative composition of wastewater daily average concentrations and their compliance with the design data. 6 Pumping station, the serving wastewater treatment plant (yes, no). 7 The adopted scheme wastewater treatment (project, actually). 8 Mechanical cleaning: lattice: sand trap: sand playgrounds, primary sedimentation tanks, septic tank continuation

10 ддллралралдп 9 Biological treatment: 10 Sludge treatment. 11 tertiary treatment: 12 Decontamination: Reagent: dosing method, the presence of a stock reagent storage conditions; hlorpogloschaemost wastewater and the doses used; contact time; content of residual chlorine. continuation

11 ддллралралдп 13 evaluation of departmental laboratories to implement the process control of sewage treatment plant and its individual structures, comparison of the data with the results of the departmental laboratory research laboratory CSES. 14 San. the state of the reservoir at the site of release of treated wastewater 15 The presence of domestic premises for working, the presence of sanitary books from staff, compliance with the periodicity of the passage of medical examinations continuation

12 ддллралралдп Quality water, mainly depends on the environmental hygiene. Economic activities - industrial production, agriculture, domestic and industrial waste entering the environment, all of this may be adversely on the quality of water consumed. Septic tanks used in mechanical wastewater treatment: Septic tanks giving pure silt 1 horizontal tanks 2 vertical sumps 3 circular tanks Sumps giving recycled sludge 1 Septic 2 Bunk Or septic tanks Escher

13 ддллралралдп The goal is to release the biological purification of waste water from organic matter. Soil biological methods of sewage treatment fields filtering field irrigation Public field irrigation

14 ддллралралдп Methods of biological wastewater treatment: Natural and soil Artificial or water fields filtering sewage farm Communal irrigation fields biofilters aerotanks

15 ддллралралдп The main objective of the sanitary - topographic survey WWTP is to identify violations of sanitary requirements for maintenance and operation of the territory, individual buildings, sewage treatment plant as a whole and SPZ. Sanitation inspection should include checking the correctness of the device, maintenance and operation of treatment facilities, additional cleaning, decontamination and disinfection of wastewater and sludge. Sanitary and epidemiological survey is performed in order to determine the effect on the incidence of sewage treatment plant personnel and the population living near the intestinal infections and geohelminthiasis. Types of sanitary sewage treatment plant survey

16 ддллралралдп

17 Bosses in the wastewater of different mechanical impurities, ie, more than 16 mm suspended material (paper, cotton, and other branches of proliferation) intended for storage. The distance between the barrier fence 16 mm and 60 to 70 are placed on the slope. If the amount of waste suvlarnin more than 25 m 3 per day, and then set barov.Kolichestvo wastewater per day, or 100 liters (0.1 m 3 / day), and held in custody in a high mechanical movement xaskashlar gidrostansportga praise and special grinders. Hygienic characteristics of the fence

18 ддллралралдп Qumtutgichlar chiqindi suv tarkibidagi og‘ir mineral aralashmalar, xususan, qumlarni ushlab qolish uchun mo‘ljallangna. Qumtutgichlar quvvati kuniga 100 m 3/ kdan yuqori bo‘lgan tozalash stansiyalarida o‘rnatiladi. Qumtutgichlarda suvning oqim tekzligi 0,15- 0,3 m/ sek, davomiyligi 30 sek dan kam bo‘lmasligi kerak. Ushlab qolingan kunlar har 2 kunda bir marotaba qum maydonchalariga olib tashlanadi. Chiqindi suvlarni tozalovchi qumtutgichlarning xarakteristikasi

19 ддллралралдп 1 Tindirish davomiydigi T = 1,5 soat 2 Chiqindi suvning oqim tezligi V= 7 mm/ sek 3 Samaradorlik – 60 % 4 Ushlab qolingan cho’kma 1-2 kunda metentenkda olib tashlanadi Gorizontal va vertikal tindirgichlarning gigienik xarakteristikasi

20 ддллралралдп 1 Tindirish davomiydigi T = 1,5 soat 2 Chiqindi suvning oqim tezligi V= 7 mm/ sek 3 Diametri- 16 m dan kam emas, Samaradorlik – 60 % 4 Ushlab qolingan cho’kma 1-2 kunda metentenkda olib tashlanadi Radial yoki aylana tindirgichlarning gigienik xarakteristikasi

21 ддллралралдп 1 Tindirish davomiydigi Т = 1,5 soat 2 Chiqindi suvning oqim tezligi V= 7 mm/ sek 3 Diametri- 10 m dan kam emas, Samaradorlik – 60- 70 % 4 Ushlab qolingan cho’kma 1-2 kunda metentenkda olib tashlanadi Vertikal yoki tik tindirgichlarning gigienik xarakteristikasi

22 ддллралралдп 1 Tindirish davomiydigi Т = 1- 2 kun 2 Chiqindi suvning oqim tezligi V= 7 mm/ sek 3 Chuqurligi 1,3 м, kengligi- 0, 75 m, uzunligi – 1 m, Samaradorlik – 70- 80 % 4 Ushlab qolingan cho’kma 6- 12 oyda metentenkda olib tashlanadi Septik tindirgichlarning gigienik xarakteristikasi

23 ддллралралдп 1 Tindirish davomiydigi Т = 1,5 soat 2 Chiqindi suvning oqim tezligi V= 7 mm/ sek 3 Samaradorlik – 60- 70 % 4 Ushlab qolingan cho’kma har 10 kunda il maydonlariga o’tkaziladi Ikki yarusli tindirgichlarning gigienik xarakteristikasi

24 ддллралралдп Mayda pufakli aeratsiya- 1- 4 mm Chiqindi suvlarning sun'iy biologik tozalash qurilmasi bo‘lib, temir betondan qurilgan to‘g‘ri burchakli shaklga ega. Chuqurligi 2-4 m, bir nechta seksiyalardan tashkil topgan. O‘rtacha pufakli aeratsiya 5-10 mm Yirik pufakli aeratsiya 10 mm dan katta

25 ддллралралдп Tuproqda sun'iy tashkil etilgan chuqur bo‘lmagan suv havzasi. Chiqindi suv quyidagi xolatlarda tozalanadi. Chiqindi suvning juda past oqim tezligida Unchalik chuqur bo‘lmagan xolatda Mikroorganizmlarning intensiv ko‘payishida Tabiiy suv o‘simliklaridan foydalanib

26 ддллралралдп Chiqindi suvlarni biologik tozalashda qo‘llaniladigan maydonlarni o‘lchamlarini quyidagi formularlar yordamida aniqlanadi: SUG‘ORISh MAYDONLARI W=W foy+ W zaxira+ K( W foy+ W daryo) bu yerda : W foy- foydali maydon o‘lchami, W zaxira- chiqindi suvlarni vegetatsiya davrida tashlash mumkin bo’lmaganda hisobga olinadigan zaxira maydoni К - qo‘shimcha inshootlarni qurishda xisobga olinadigan maydon kattaligi, 0.15- 0,25 ga teng. W foy= Q q Q- chiqindi suvlarning miqdori q- chiqindi suvlarning maqdon yuklamasi

27 ддллралралдп Bir vaqtning o‘zida chiqindi suvlarning tozalash va utilizatsiya qilish uchun mo‘ljallangan hamda qishloq xo‘jalik ekinlarini yetishtirishdga mo‘ljallangan maxsus dalalar

28 ддллралралдп Chiqindi suvlarni biologik tozalashda qo‘llaniladigan maydonlarni o‘lchamlarini quyidagi formularlar yordamida aniqlanadi: FILTRLASh MAYDONLARI W=W foy+ K ∙ W foy Bunda : W foy- foydali maydon o‘lchami,, К - qo‘shimcha inshootlarni qurishda xisobga olinadigan maydon kattaligi, 0.15- 0,25 га тенг. W foy= Q q Q- chiqindi suvlarning miqdori q- chiqindi suvlarning maqdon yuklamasi

29 ддллралралдп Filtratsiya maydonlari chiqindi suvlarni tabiiy usulda tozalash uchun mo‘ljallangan. Ular maxsus kartalarga bo‘lingan bo‘lib, kartalarning o‘lchami 1,5 ga dan kam bo‘lmasligi kerak. Kartalarning kengligini uzunligiga nisbati 1:2 dan 1:4 gacha bo‘lishi kerak

30 30 “Baliq skeleti” chizmasi Chiqindi suvlarni tozalashda qo’llaniladigan inshootlar … Gorizontal tindirgich Radial yoki tik tindirgich Samaradorligi 70 % Samaradorligi 60 % Septik tindirgichlar, 70-80 %

31 TALABALARGA BERILADIGAN SAVOLLAR: 1 Chiqindi suvlarni tozalash inshootlarni ish samaradorligini baxolovchi maxsus ko‘rsatkichlar? 2 Septik nima va uning ish samaradorligi nechaga teng? Chiqindi suvlarning biologik tozalash inshootlariga nimalar kiradi?. Chiqindi suvlarni zararsizlantirishda qoldiq xlor miqdori nechaga teng? Faol il nima? Aerotenklarning tuzilishi va ishlash prinsipi

32 davomi 1 Toza il beruvchi tindirgichlarga nimalar kiradi? 2 Tindirgichlarning tuzilishi va ishlash prinsipi 3 Panjaralarning tuzilishi va ishlash prinsipi? 4 Faol ilning turlari? 5 Ikki yarusli tindirgichlarning tuzilishi va ishlash prinsipi?

33 ддллралралдп  “Gigiena” Demidenko N.M. taxriri ostida 2002 y  “O’zbekiston Respublikasida atmosfera xavoni muxofazalash va axoli salomatligi ” Sh.T.Iskandarova Toshkent-2000 y  Kommunal gigiena amaliy mashg’ulotlar uchun qo’llanma” E.I. Goncharuk Moskva-1990y  -“Kommunal gigiena” Sh. T.Otaboyev, T.I. Iskandarov, G.T. Iskandarova Tosh-2010 y  -“Inson va biosfera” Sh. T.Otaboyev, M.Nabiyev  -“Gigiena” Pod redaksey G.I. Rumyansev. GEOTAR Media 2000  “Kommunalnaya gigiena” Pod redaksey V.T. Mazaev GEOTAR Media 2005  “Kommunalnaya gigiena” Pod redaksey E.I. Goncharuka Kiev 2007  -Kommunal gigiena amaliy mashg’ulotlar uchun qo’llanma” T.I.Iskandarov tahriri ostida Toshkent-2004y Foydalaniladigan аdabiyotlar

34 ддллралралдп - KMK «Shaxarsozlik» - QMQ “Suv ta'minoti” DavST 950-2011 “Ichimlik suvi” * DavST 951-2000 “Markazlashtirilgan suv ta’minoti manbaalarini tanlash qoidlari” * SaNPiN №0172-04 “Oxrana poverxnostnix vod ot zagryazneniya *SaNPiN № 0211-06 “Gigiyenicheskiye kriterii kachestva pityevoy vodi” *SaNPiN № 0170-04 “Gigiyenicheskaya ocenka reagentov ispolzuyemix v sistemax vodopodgotovki v specificheskix usloviyax Ruz”

35 ддллралралдп Internet saytlari O'z.Res.SSV veb-sayt WWW.minzdrav.uz TTA sayti – WWW.tma.uz. htt://web.tma TMA Wi-Fizone ZiyONet